On 26 Eminent 2025, the JUNO locator — found profound underground in southern China’s Guangdong area — formally started operations.
South China Morning Post
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Wikipedia
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JUNO is the biggest “ghost‑particle” locator in the world: a 35‑metre distance across straightforward acrylic circle filled with 20,000 tons of ultra‑pure fluid scintillator, submerged in a 44‑metre‑deep water pool 700 meters underground.
Wikipedia
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Home
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Within fair 59 days of data‑taking (from late Admirable to early November 2025), JUNO analysts collected and examined signals from reactor-produced antineutrinos (starting from atomic control plants a few 50–55 km absent) and discharged their to begin with material science comes about.
Live Science
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Global Times
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english.ihep.cas.cn
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According to the official discharge, JUNO’s estimations of neutrino wavering parameters — which depict how neutrinos alter “flavors” as they travel — are presently the most exact ever gotten. The accuracy of key parameters moved forward by a calculate of almost 1.5 to 1.8 compared to past tests.
Global Times
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China Daily
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The comes about have been distributed on the preprint server arXiv and submitted for peer audit in the diary Chinese Material science C.
Live Science
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Yahoo
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Because of these comes about and the capabilities of JUNO, numerous in the material science community (and in media announcing) are calling this “a entrance to material science past the Standard Model.”
Live Science
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China Daily
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Why this things: neutrinos, the Standard Demonstrate, and what may come next
The riddle of neutrinos and the limits of the current Standard Model
Neutrinos are among the most slippery, ghost‑like particles in the universe: they carry no electric charge, have amazingly modest masses (much less than electrons), and pass through conventional matter for all intents and purposes unrestricted.
Wikipedia
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China Daily
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The presence of neutrino mass and their capacity to waver (i.e., alter flavor as they proliferate) is one of the clearest signs that the current hypothesis of molecule material science — the Standard Demonstrate of Molecule Material science — is deficient. The Standard Show initially expected neutrinos to be massless. The disclosure of neutrino motions decades prior was as of now considered prove of “new physics.”
Wikipedia
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China Daily
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However, until presently, whereas motions have been watched, a few crucial questions remained uncertain: among them the requesting of neutrino masses (which neutrino is heaviest, which is lightest), the correct values of blending points and mass‑splitting's, and whether neutrinos are their claim antiparticles (Majorana particles). These questions have enormous suggestions for cosmology, the roots of the universe, and for understanding wonders like the matter‑antimatter lopsidedness.
english.ihep.cas.cn
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Wikipedia
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What JUNO can — and before long may — do: clarifying neutrino mass requesting, testing swaying system, and examining “new physics”
Because of its measure, affectability, and location strategy (expansive volume of ultra‑pure scintillator, profound underground protecting, and modern light location), JUNO is outlined to degree with sub‑percent accuracy the wavering parameters for reactor antineutrinos.
Global Times
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english.ihep.cas.cn
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With the to begin with information as of now accomplishing superior accuracy than all past neutrino tests, JUNO is presently in a solid position to decide neutrino mass requesting (i.e. whether neutrinos take after a “normal” requesting, with one lighter and two heavier, or an “inverted” requesting). This has been a basic open address for decades.
english.ihep.cas.cn
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China Daily
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Importantly, with more information — counting not as it were reactor antineutrinos, but moreover sun based, barometrical, supernova, and geoneutrinos — JUNO might test whether the standard three‑flavor swaying system holds impeccably, or whether there are deviations. Such deviations seem flag unused material science past the Standard Demonstrate, for case extra sorts of neutrinos (sterile neutrinos), extraordinary neutrino properties (e.g. attractive minute, non‑standard intuitive), or indeed prove of unused essential powers.
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China Daily
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Additionally, in the long run — conceivably over decades — JUNO may contribute to examining whether neutrinos are Majorana particles (i.e., particles that are their possess antiparticles), which has consequences for our understanding of matter era in the early Universe and forms like neutrinoless twofold beta rot.
Global Times
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Hence, by conveying comes about this early and with this exactness, JUNO is as of now demonstrating itself as a capable instrument — a portal or “portal” — to investigating material science that lies past the set up Standard Model.
What the to begin with comes about appear — and what’s still uncertain
What we know now
JUNO measured neutrino wavering parameters with uncommon exactness — outperforming all past tests. Inside fair 59 days of information (generally two months), the exactness on two key parameters (the blending point and the mass‑splitting squared distinction) progressed by ~1.5–1.8×.
Global Times
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China Daily
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The starting dataset came from reactor antineutrinos from two atomic control plants (the reactors of Taisha and Yanjing), found approximately 53 km from the finder.
China Daily
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Global Times
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The collaboration running JUNO includes more than 700 researchers over 75 educate from 17 nations and districts — demonstrating an universal collective exertion.
China Daily
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What remains open / what we don’t however know
The current comes about are based as it were on reactor antineutrinos — it remains to be seen how sun based, barometrical, supernova, or geoneutrinos carry on beneath JUNO’s affectability. As it were with more changed information will the full potential of the finder be realized.
english.ihep.cas.cn
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China Daily
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The to begin with information set — whereas exact — may not however be sufficient to authoritatively decide the neutrino mass requesting. That will likely require more time and amassing of bigger measurements. As the collaboration itself states, “with this level of exactness … JUNO will before long decide the neutrino mass ordering”.
english.ihep.cas.cn
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Global Times
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Even if JUNO finds insights of modern material science (deviations from the anticipated wavering system), such comes about will require exhaustive cross‑checks, long-term information, and free affirmation some time recently any claims of “physics past the Standard Model” can be made.
Broader importance: what this may cruel for molecule material science and cosmology
The victory of JUNO’s to begin with run — so before long after starting operations — carries wide-reaching implications:
Confirming or invalidating neutrino mass ordering
Establishing whether neutrinos take after a “normal” or “inverted” mass progression is basic for numerous angles of molecule material science, counting neutrinoless twofold beta rot tests. A affirmed requesting too makes a difference oblige hypothetical models of neutrino mass era (whether by means of Higgs-like components, “see-saw” instruments, or other beyond‑Standard Show ideas).
Testing the completeness of the Standard Show (SM)
The Standard Demonstrate does not anticipate neutrino masses or motions; the reality that neutrinos carry on this way has as of now been a major sign of material science past the SM. High-precision estimations by JUNO might either strengthen the current wavering worldview — or uncover inconspicuous deviations that point to modern sorts of neutrinos, intuitive, or symmetries.
Insights into cosmology and the matter–antimatter asymmetry
Neutrinos play parts in the early universe, counting in how matter ruled over antimatter, and in core-collapse supernovae, as well as conceivably in dim matter material science (in case sterile neutrinos or other extraordinary sorts exist). Understanding neutrino properties profoundly impacts cosmological models and our understanding of enormous evolution.
Inspiring next‑generation experiments
JUNO’s fast victory illustrates the achievability and logical payoff of exceptionally large-scale underground neutrino locators. This seem energize more speculation in comparative or indeed more yearning ventures — for occasion, combining neutrino location with looks for uncommon forms (neutrinoless twofold beta rot, supernova neutrinos, geoneutrinos, etc.) worldwide.
Strengthening worldwide collaboration in crucial physics
With over 700 researchers from handfuls of nations working together, JUNO represents large-scale, worldwide participation in essential science. Its victory may propel more nations to contribute to or dispatch comparable endeavors, growing the around the world framework for essential physics.
What to observe another — the near‑term street ahead for JUNO (and the material science community)
Here are a few of the up and coming turning points and objectives for JUNO in the close to mid term:
Extended information collection: As JUNO proceeds running, the finder will amass distant more neutrino intelligent — not fair from reactors, but moreover from the Sun, air, supernovae (in case one happens), and geoneutrinos. This will broaden the dataset and test the strength of current neutrino hypothesis beneath numerous regimes.
Determining neutrino mass requesting: With sufficient information, JUNO points to resolve which requesting (typical or modified) nature chooses for neutrino masses. This will have major suggestions for hypothetical models of neutrino mass and future experiments.
Testing the three‑flavor swaying worldview and looking for peculiarities: Accuracy estimations may uncover deviations from anticipated behavior — such as sterile neutrinos, non-standard intelligent, or other extraordinary phenomena.
Long-term material science objectives: Over its anticipated 20–30 year lifetime, JUNO may address foundational questions: Are neutrinos their claim antiparticles (Majorana)? What is the outright neutrino mass scale? May there be unused particles or intelligent past what we right now know?
Contributing to multi-messenger astronomy and cosmology: By recognizing neutrinos from supernovae or geophysical sources, JUNO might give basic information connecting molecule material science, astronomy, and Soil science.
Setting: how does JUNO fit into the worldwide picture of molecule material science today
The standard course to reveal modern material science for decades has been through high-energy colliders (like the CERN Huge Hadron Collider, LHC), looking for overwhelming modern particles or coordinate signs of unused intuitive. But after the Higgs disclosure, no conclusive prove for other unused overwhelming particles has emerged.
In differentiate, neutrino tests — particularly high-precision, high‑sensitivity ones like JUNO — speak to a complementary and progressively capable way: instep of crushing particles, they tune in for the faintest whispers of essential material science encoded in uncommon neutrino interactions.
In China itself, there are plans for future large-scale ventures. For case, the proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) — a potential “Higgs factory” — points to test the Higgs boson and electroweak material science with extraordinary exactness, somewhat to look for deviations that might indicate at material science past the Standard Show.
Wikipedia
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As such, JUNO can be seen not as a standalone test, but as a key column in a more extensive, differentiated worldwide procedure for finding “new physics” — blending high‑precision, high-sensitivity locators with high-energy colliders and astrophysical observations.
What it doesn't cruel — cautious elucidation and open questions
It is critical not to exaggerate the suggestions — indeed in spite of the fact that the comes about are fabulous. Here’s what JUNO’s to begin with result does not however imply:
It has not however demonstrated unused material science past neutrino motions. The current comes about are steady with the known swaying system, yet with higher accuracy. More information and broader examinations are required some time recently making strong claims approximately unused physics.
It does not however decide neutrino mass requesting. That is one of JUNO’s major objectives, but it requires time and more statistics.
It does not straightforwardly shed light on other major confuses like dim matter, dim vitality or quantum gravity. Whereas neutrino material science is related to these, JUNO is not — by itself — a “dark matter detector.” Any association to dull matter or intriguing particles would require extra tests or hypothetical breakthroughs.
Even as the finder works, foundation clamor, orderly instabilities, and neutrino source vulnerabilities stay challenges. Exact estimation at sub‑percent level requests thorough calibration and long‑term stability.
Thus, whereas JUNO is an exceptional development, what we must anticipate — and trust — for is a continuous unfurling: collection of information, cautious examination, incremental or possibly progressive disclosures.
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